Formal Characteristics

SOC/ one hundred twenty Evolution of prescribed Organizations Due 12/11/2011 Nancy Keta The delegacy that I bequeathing conduct my explore is to first explain how formal organizations endure evolved all over the past atomic number 6. Second, what differences were there in organizations a century agone, and compare to right aways organizations. And lastly I will besides tell of the trends in at onces formal organizations in modern society. I will describe how each of the characteristics for formal organizations will need to evolve or change in Micahs organization to be more plain-spoken and flexible.And I will give an overall prediction based on my research on how organizations the like Micahs may evolve in the future. The evolution of formal organizations over the past century has changed due to the advances in engineering science and politics. There will always be changes in organizations as cartridge holder passes and goes on it can be influences from the internatio nal world like consumers, or inside forces such as productivity. The outside influences are always changing due to the consumer and ever changing market is demanding a service or product every time they feel there is a need for just aboutthing new, or something that they may desire. qualification the companies aware of these desires and demands is a key factor in determining what needs to take place at heart the organization and turn them into being productive. Organizations that were here years ago did have all the advancements and technology as they do now. If you think about it most upper management handled just about everything in makeup and managed tasks according to manual and procedures. Technology today has increased the speed of processing information and completed versatile other tasks that management had to do manually or by hand.Computers and the internet were here about 10 years ago, but non 100 years ago, but even 10 years ago many a nonher(prenominal) things had to be done by hand. The speed of technology has increased quickly and we are no longer waiting for the internet to connect thru dial up services we have advancements in technology that connect us to the internet in a matter of a second. Medical equipment in todays world uses software that will calculate birthdates and sex of fetuses, and can show us what an unhatched child may look like at the time of being in the womb. There was not even a thought of this technology a century ago people went ff white-haired sagacious tales to find out what the sex of the child was. Looking at the medical coding field that has erupted in education institutions, technology is taking over the mortalal side of things, pretty soon there will be only machines working rather than humans. In many companies, this has already taken place many positions that were previously filled by humans have become computer automated. In todays world the advancement of technology is leading the way, getting jobs done faster and more efficient than the way they have been done when our predecessors were in the work force.From the stand point of a formal organization it is measurable to understand that most factors of the organization are built on traditions some methods of doing calling have been the said(prenominal) way for many years. Work methods are not as modern because everything stays the same and not much improvement has been made with this type of organization. more believe that a formal organization is an old way of thinking, and these organizations are opposed to the new way of thinking which is more modern and technologically driven.Formal organizations often have a set standard or rule book in which their business is conducted and ran. Organization is key and highly important within a formal organization. When assessing the ladder of leaders within a bureaucratic organization, it is important to picture or a benefit type order. Within the benefit format, everyone has a supervi sor that they report to and have to answer to. This pyramid is constructed with supervisors being at the top of the pyramid and employees are at the bottom. Within this pyramid each person has designated tasks, and job expectations.Generally a person can see how relationships between co-workers are minimal to maximize work ethic and cut subjugate on fraternization of employees. Within a bureaucratic organization communication is left on an electroneutral note consisting of email, telephone, or letters. It seems that succession planning is becoming a major trend among major corporations. Many companies are strategically planning processes and corporate policies. This is not just for the upper ranks this is becoming a proactive management of the corporations entire talent pool.Leadership culture, integrating with talent management, and career development programs, succession planning is going beyond the reactionary replacement of employees. Effective succession planning is making i t possible for the success of a organizations talent, on demand, and as needed, right now and in the future. The biggest hindrances to organizations are time and resources. It seems that the day to day challenges of running these companies over power the organizations ability to effectively lock up in succession planning.Many other obstacles occur when management feels threatened because they are asked to train their successors this is also in addition to being able to predict the needs of the company in the company in the future. Many places do not have the internal career development programs to help employees take over available positions in the future or have clear career pathways defined. Being able to line internal candidates with the right skills, experience, and abilities to handle various needs is a big challenge for many organizations.Connecting the collection and retrieval of such data enabled the implementation of succession planning activities. Identifying these skil ls and abilities needed for various positions, and relaying this information to the workforce, organizations have the ability to proactively recruit internal talent, and employees are enabled to manage their own careers within the company. In the execution of these actions employee retentivity and morale seem to be higher and the company is better off and more profitable in the long hall.More organizations are beginning to realize that there is a need for the developing some type of succession planning. With the upcoming need to have new managers ready to assume positions because of massive verse of baby boomers retiring, companies need to move and act fast. Citations * GROOMING SUCCESSORS. Full Text easy By Heffes, Ellen M. fiscal Executive, Sep2002, Vol. 18 Issue 6, p21-24, 4p, 4 Color Photographs * MANAGEMENT BY WONDERING ALOUD. Full Text Available By Galagan, Patricia. Training & Development Journal, Jun86, Vol. 0 Issue 6, p4, 1p * Organizing for Decision Support System Suppo rt The End-User function Alternative. Full Text Available By Watson, Hugh J. Carr, Houston H. Journal of Management Information Systems, Summer87, Vol. 4 Issue 1, p83-95, 13p * variation Through Reorganization The Value of Inconsistencies Between Formal and Informal Organization. Full Text Available By Gulati, Ranjay Puranam, Phanish. Organization Science, Mar/Apr2009, Vol. 20 Issue 2, p422-440, 19p, 3 Diagrams, 2 Charts, 5 Graphs

Investment Options Essay

Mutual descents remain the central cats-paws investors subroutine to achieve their financial goals. Whether for retirement or in the search for supererogatory profits, individual and corpo send investors film mutual funds as a relatively reliable and non-volatile method of making investments. It appears, however, that apart from straight the needs of individual investors, mutual funds can successfully work to secure corporate marketplace players from changes and shifts in external markets.In this context, J.P. Morgan is the bright example of the way mutual funds are apply to reduce the invalidating impact of financial crisis and to overcome the difficulties faced in subtle perplex markets. J. P. Morgan has in all probability been the first to use mutual funds as the instrument of protection against the negative impacts of financial crisis. In his article, Michael Pollock (2009) sheds the light on the way J. P. Morgan Strategic Income Opportunities fund helps the company deal with tough bond markets.It appears, that the fund has few restrictions typical of bond funds that are marketed to general public (Pollock, 2009) as a result, it is better equipped to help investors survive through the difficult financial times. The fund functions according to a predetermined set of principles, of which putting money only into places where potential profits overweigh potential risks is probably the well-nigh important. The mutual fund at J. P. Morgan does not avoid keeping a portion of assets in cash, so that investors can materialize their investment opportunities when the right moment comes.Short selling is just another instrument the fund uses to generate additional profits Pollock (2009) also notes that short selling is becoming a widely spread investment tool among bond funds. The list of investment instruments J. P. Morgan uses to manage its mutual fund is not limited to short selling and cash operations. Here, investors are also given a run a risk to ma ke short borrowings and then to sell these borrowed shares investors can also make similarly bearish bets by buying credit-derivative instruments whose value increases if the price of an underlying corporate bond declines (Pollock, 2009).To a large extent, the fund relies on the whole set of quantitative techniques that work to identify significant investment opportunities. The fund is actively gnarly into managing long-term high-yield corporate securities and nonagency mortgage-backed bonds. As a result, the fund has been able to achieve the total return rate of 4. 3% this year (Pollock, 2009). Does that mean that beyond using mutual funds as investment targets and the sources of additional profits, companies can also utilize the benefits of portfolio investment to protect themselves from external crisis threats?There is no definite result to that question, but J.P. Morgan obviously tries to change traditional opinions about investment options available to consumers. The truth is that everything we currently write out about mutual funds does not make them cipher as an ideal investment solution. stipulation that mutual funds are not usually guaranteed by the FDIC and are not insured by any government agency that mutual funds past performance is not always indicative of its future positive prospects and that to be a member of a mutual fund also delegacy to bear certain costs associated with investments, the whole picture of a mutual fund does not look as much attractive.However, where J. P. Morgan was able to reach the point of total return rate of 4. 3%, investors whitethorn have some sort of confidence that the company will pursue the same set of investment principles, being extremely cautious in its investment options and using the mutual fund as an utile means of anti-crisis protection. Conclusion Mutual funds are included into the list of the most widely utilise investment options.It appears, however, that mutual funds can also be successfully use d to protect companies and investors from the negative impact of the financial crisis. Despite the costs investors have to carry as well as volatility of external environments, which mutual funds cannot control, the latter remain relatively stable and non-volatile means of dealing with tough bond markets.

Philosophy( ethical interview) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Philosophy( ethical interview) - Essay ExampleShe is a humanitarian as well as an environmentalist. She recycles every week and is usually inclined to bring in stray cats and dogs when she spots them along the street. jennys L.P.N. localisation brings her to the aid of many aged(a) individuals who are incontinent and unable to manage the basic principle of personal care. Certain aspects of her job place her in a position of having to change diapers or nifty up messes involving bodily fluids. This is a task which would cause even the strongest of stomachs. When asked how she is able to stomach such tasks, she says that she is reminded of her elderly grandparents who require similar levels of care. She recalls how they came from such terrible events in history and yet continued on with their lives disallowing the events of the final solution from keeping them from living their lives and from being productive human beings. She is so proud of this legacy, that she gleans a sense of persistency from their attitude. She also tends to see many of her elderly patients as individuals who have been through most of what life has had to stand and that those individuals deserve our respect and care. Because of this philosophy, Jenny is motivated to care for these elderly patients in a way that honors them in a manner of dignity and respect.Jenny tends to work more with elderly citizens at her hospital position more so than with middle age individuals or children. This is a job that many in the care for field would rather not do. There is certainly a difference between changing the diaper of an infant and the diaper of an elderly person. Because of her feelings on the elderly and her love and respect of them she is very enthusiastic close to being able to care for them on a day to day basis. She often finds herself having to feed them or assist them with their meals and snacks. This is an opportunity she says, to allow them to open up and talk. Sadly, Jenny says

Discussion 700 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion 700 - appointment ExampleThis assumption is underpinned by the fact that there is a point of intersection between patients seeking clinical care because of their problems and nurses availing themselves in willingness to offer the care. The theory assumes that therapeutic interaction cause patients and nurses to mature. This is because both of them annul up learning something new from the encounter. Thirdly, the theory assumes that interviewing skills and communication skills will remain essential to nursing. Through these skills, nurses arrive at information about the issues of the patient in order to decide accurately about the most purloin care. The last assumption is that self-understanding is important for nurses to facilitate patient growth and not limit the patients choices (Meleis, 2007).Man is an important concept to this theory and it perceives man as an organism that seeks ways of reducing the tensions drafting from their felt needs. According to this theory, health denotes a concept that shows progress of human processes towards community, productive and constructive life story ((Basavanthappa, 2007)). Peplau perceived society or environment as containing mores and culture that are important to treatment. Nursing entails a relationship between persons in need of health services and health workers trained to recognize and accost these needs.The theory is clear that a therapeutic alliance is imperative for a nursing process to succeed. It has remained pursuant(predicate) through time (Peterson & Bredow, 2009). Finally, the theory holds that the nursing process happens in stages. These stages are orientation, identification, exploitation, and

SWOT Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SWOT - Case Study ExampleTo sustain future growth Wal-Mart should increase its heading in these markets that include Brazil, India, China and Mexico.The rise in acceptance of the companys label products, which has experient an increase of over 40% for the past ten years or so, is another opportunity. Therefore, to earn higher(prenominal) profit margins, Wal-Mart should hike the number of private label products, which are sold at the companys store. Another opportunity that Wal-Mart has is to expand the grocery store stores in order to earn more income since there is a current trend of consuming a healthier food thus increasing the demand of grocery products.Growth of online shopping is also an opportunity. Wal-Mart should seize this opportunity to increase its profits considering that, Wal-Mart is the largest offline retailer and in 2001, the retail sector of online grew by 4.7% in the US, hitting $197 billion. The company can reach plenty of customers using this proficiency thus increasing its

Evaluate Submission Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

label Submission - Assignment ExampleThe participating students were needed to develop a training prototype.The participants aims depend on the outcome of the instructional training individuals were required to carry out a tone of voice by step framework of tasks directed at meeting the objectives and goals of the training (William & Rothwell, 2006). The modified version of the evaluation instrument provides the instructor with an opportunity to evaluate the training materials and the effectiveness of the entire training package by incorporating distinct and mensural outcomes. This method also creates a framework of identifying any flaws in the training program. Consequently, improvements and adjustments to the course curriculum apprize be implemented based on the results of the training program developed by the participants (Aris, 2000).The failure of participants to in effect provide a framework of the working of the new concepts and theories learnt from the training program w ould be viewed as a total failure. They should be able to set clear goals and directions as a result of new acquaintance earned through the training prototype.Inability on the part of participants to incorporate the steps learnt from the program and be able to achieve desired goals shows the incompetence aspect of the overall framework of the training program.The softness of the participants to put down to test and practice what they have gained from the training program is evidence of the flaws present in the training prototype, or the participants may not be able to comprehend the information given to them. The training prototype should be redesigned and the methods used to convey information should be examined and evaluated.Inability on the part of the student to outline more or less of the theories used in the training program may be as a result of worthless reading skills. The training program should ensure participants understand the concepts used and are able to comprehe nd them.The inability of the students to comprehend the

Theory of Extreme Capital Structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Theory of Extreme Capital Structure - examine ExampleTherefore, roof mental synthesis can be defined as the arrangement of chapiter. In line of battle to analyse capital social system, we need to highlight the difference between capital structure and financial structure. The equipment casualty ar interchanged in some circles to mean the same, but they are not quite the same. Financial structure is the sum of all the means the firm maps to fund its activities. Therefore, financial structure comprises of net worth and liabilities of the companionship i.e. curtly and long term. The capital structure on the other hand is financial structure excluding short term borrowing. Capital structure has already been seen as two-fold, with the finance and summation structure. The source of capital is what determines what summation will be purchased. The structure of capital is categorised as follows 1. agree to sources The structure may every be simple or complex. A simple structure c onsists of a single source piece of music the complex is where the sources are more than one. (Although retained earnings is not considered an additional source). This mode is only likely under the fund concept because it is rare for a firm to have one asset, invalidating the asset concept. 2. According to sources This is broadly categorised into internal and external sources. Internal sources comprise of share capital (bonus issue), capital reserve, and reserve and surplus. On the hand the external sources include share capital (bonus issue excluded), share premium, forfeited shares, long term and short-term liabilities and debentures. 3. According to ownership This is either ownership capital or creditorship (debt) capital. self-command capital includes equity share capital and retained earnings while creditorship comprises of debentures, long-term and short-term liabilities. It is concord by all accountants where preference shares should be grouped as they have the both elem ents of ownership and debt. 4. According to cost behaviour This classifies the assets as either fixed cost or variable cost, depending on their write off implications. The fixed cost capital include preference share, long term debt and debentures whereas variable cost capital include equity share and short term liabilities. Firms have different capital structures depending on industry, gild type, and proportion of capital contribution. The theories of capital structure try to ask the pertinent questions in leveraging, valuation, and financial balance. This involves evaluating how a firm can affect its total valuation factoring debt and equity, how debt affects the firms position. This is by use of accounting ratios 1 Where is the firms debt yield, assuming the element of perpetuity of debt 2. E=EBIT-I Where we assume 100% dividend payout and the firms earning are constant with no element of growth. Therefore, the earnings/price ratio gives the market discount rate, which equals the present repute of the series of expected future dividends at the existing market value of the share. 3. Where is the firms boilers suit capitalisation rate. It computation is normally the weighting of the cost of capital as shown below + The theories of capital structure try to explain the relationship between capital, leverage and the firms value. What we want to know is what happens to , and when the detail of leverage (D/V) increases or how is the value of capital